Martin Guerre Essays - Martin Guerre, Martin,

Martin Guerre The Return of Martin Guerre The story was based in the early 1550s, a young peasant, Martin Guerre from Artigat had left his wife Bertrande and their son Sanxi and their inheritance to seek adventure in Spain as a mercenary. After leaving his family for nearly nine years a man claiming to be Martin returns to the village to claim his wife and land. Bertrande accepts the man as being her husband and they have another child together. Martin has a dispute with Pierre over the management of the family estate and ownership of the rents from Matins land during his absence. During their dispute a passing by veteran had claimed that Martin is not who he claims to be. He said that Martin had lost a leg at the battle of Saint Quentin and that he really was Arnaud de Tihl from a neighboring village. Both Martin and Arnaud had soldered together in the war, where they had became friends. The Guerre family was very divided over the story. Pierre and his sons-in-law believe the soldiers story, and Pierres daughters and Bertrande continue to believe Martin is Martin. As their case w as being heard before a judge (Coras), a man with a wooden leg enters the courtroom. The man enters right before the judge was going to free him. The man claims to be Martin Guerre. The judges were then forced to determine who the real Martin was. After having certain people look at them and ask them both questions. They figured out that the man claiming to be Martin wasnt and his name was Arnaud. He was convicted of being an imposter and later was executed for the crime. Now the village had resolved the dispute. How did Bertrande seek freedom? Family- She was willing to go against her own family to seek a better, happier life. She had lied about him being her husband, because she felt that Arnaud treated her better. She wanted to be totally feed from her old marriage, and she wanted to be treated better and have a better life with Arnaud and her son. Village- She was willing and did go against half of the village to act like Arnauld was her real husband. She lied to the village people and her own family to be freed from her old marriage with Martin. Gender- She was acquitted because the judge felt bad for her because she was tricked (at least that is what they thought). He said women are often victims of a mans wickedness and that is why the judge let her go. How did Arnaud seek freedom? Family- Arnaud tried to seek freedom by saying he was Martin because he wanted to be able to take the real Martins place and be the husband to his wife. He wanted to be free and be able to have a new life with Betrande. He wanted to take Martins place and be free of the life he lived previously. Village- He went to the army to seek freedom from his village. That is when he met Martin and found out all about his family back home. Martin had always talked about his wife and son. They were both soldiers together in the war. Gender- He was trying to be a man and a good husband to Bertrande even know he was living a lie. How did Martin seek freedom? Family- He sought freedom by leaving his family and going to war. He had planned not to come back. He ended up only coming back because his army had been stationed in his old town and he had hears of his family being in court. He then went to the courtroom. Village- By going to Spain and fighting in the war. He wasnt going to come back. His village brought him freedom by letting the judge know it was the real Martin Guerre. They stood up for his freedom. Gender- Martin couldnt bare children. When he was first married, a spell had been cast on him. He felt he was a discrase to his wife because he wasnt able to perform. So he left the town. He didnt feel like a real man. History

Functions of Criminal Law Essays

Functions of Criminal Law Essays Functions of Criminal Law Essay Functions of Criminal Law Essay Criminal Law: Why We Need It Jayme Cole JUS201 Criminal Law March 16, 2013 Many may wonder what is criminal law and how and why was it put in place? There have been criminals since back in biblical times and thus the start of criminal law. During this time, laws where molded from the â€Å"eye for an eye† standard and thus becoming a set of established laws. This was not literal to the eye itself but the value of an eye, in other words â€Å"value for value†. When read in context, this is a statement of the modern â€Å"rule of proportionality† standard used in our courts today. Over time criminal law has developed into five functions: maintaining order, resolving disputes, protecting individuals and property, provide for a smooth functioning society and safeguarding civil liberties. (â€Å"Functions of criminal,†) These functions touch on different aspects of life and living by setting standards. In this paper I will discuss each of these functions and the role they play in society. First, I will touch on maintaining order. This provides predictability, letting people know what to expect from others. Without this, there would be chaos and uncertainty. To maintain order we rely on the services provided by the police departments, courts, and corrections. The purpose of police is to maintain order and also provide services. They operate within a community to prevent and control crime. They also assist prosecutors in criminal investigations by gathering evidence necessary to obtain convictions in the court. The purpose of the courts is to discover the truth and seek justice accordingly using their key players being prosecutors, defense attorneys, and judges. : Lastly, probation, parole, jail, prison serve as correctional agencies who’s purpose it to punish, rehabilitate and ensure public safety through means of incarceration, community based programs, electric monitoring/house arrest among others. (â€Å"The structure of,†) Secondly, let’s touch on resolving disputes. The law makes it possible to resolve conflicts and disputes between quarreling citizens. By means of arbitration and/or mediation one can actually have their issue handled outside of court and be provided a peaceful and orderly way to have their grievance, such as small laims, divorce, separation, abuse, harassment, evictions, etc. , handled. (â€Å"Resolving your dispute,† 2013) While mediation is a non-bonding process that allows a neutral third-party, usually the mediator, to work with both party to assist in bringing about an agreeable settlement. The mediator carries no authority. In arbitration, the arbitrator acts more like a judge hearing t he evidence presented and making a decision that is binding to both of the parties involved. Next, we have protecting individuals and property. This protects citizens from the rebellious criminals who inflict harm on others or take their property. Many of the criminal laws are intended for those who steal and harm the physical integrity of ones body. (â€Å"Functions of criminal,†) There are numerous laws against harming or attempting to harm another by methods of battery, assault, murder, homicide, rape, and domestic violence. When it comes to ones property there are another set of criminal codes providing penalties for criminal damage, trespassing, theft, robbery, extortion, burglary, and fraud. This is only a short list of crimes that a person and/or their property are protected from. Then, providing for a smooth functioning society enables the government to collect taxes, control pollution, and accomplish other socially beneficial tasks. (â€Å"Functions of criminal,†) Criminal prosecutions punish tax law violators and deter other persons who would violate those laws. They have also enacted guidelines and penalties for industrial and commercial sources such as oil refineries, power plants, garbage dumps, automobiles, steel mills and also chemical plants such as dry cleaning and restaurant establishments, to establish a clean air policy. Finally, there is safeguarding civil liberties meaning criminal law protects an individual’s freedom to exercise one’s rights as guaranteed under the laws of the country. Examples of the civil liberties that are safeguarded are your rights under the U. S. Constitution, more specifically would be the five listed in the First Amendment; speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition. (â€Å"Civil liberties and,† 2013) These guarantee that the government cannot step in and tell you what religion you have to practice, if any. You can say what you want and think how you want. Actions to some thoughts can have varied results. Overall, criminal law regulates social conduct and proscribes threatening, harming, or otherwise endangering the health, safety, and moral welfare of people. It includes the punishment of people who violate these laws. They keep things fair for all without discrimination, if something is not fair a law can always be changed by utilizing your right to vote (â€Å"Why do we,† 2011). People say at one time or another they would like have no rules (laws) to live by. Think about if we lived in a law-free nation? It would be completely chaotic, ruthless and dangerous. Society itself would break down. Now, think about all those times the police get called for fights, loud noise, unruly kids, parties, bars, shop lifting, stealing, medical emergencies the list goes on and on until you are blue in the face. The cost of everyday items would be outrageous; you think gas is high now? Most people do not realize how many laws have effect in their day to day life, just think of what you do and what you use and what law is protecting you from harms way. References Civil liberties and civil rights. (2013). Retrieved from ushistory. org/gov/10. asp Functions of criminal law. (n. d. ). Retrieved from liffsnotes. com/study_guide/Functions-of-Criminal-Law. topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9927. html Resolving your dispute out of court. (2013). Retrieved from courts. ca. gov/selfhelp-adr. htm Sterling, J. (2002). Concepts of justice past and present. Retrieved from lawandliberty. org/justice. htm The structure of criminal justice. (n. d. ). Retrieved from cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/The-Struc ture-of-Criminal-Justice. topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9908. html Why do we need laws?. (2011). Retrieved from studyzone. org/testprep/ss5/b/absofgovl. cfm

Anti Cancer Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anti Cancer Drugs - Essay Example Cell cycle phase specific anticancer drugs are given for a particular phase and inhibit the further progression of the tumor cell (Ajithkumar et al 2011). The G1 phase specific drugs inhibit the G1 phase of the tumor cells and have therapeutic consequences associated with them. Cyclin-dependant kinases play an important role in the progression of the G1 phase. During the G1 to S phase transition, the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, Rb, regulated by D-type cyclins and CDKs 4 and 6 is a major factor causing the cell cycle progression. By inhibiting the CDK activity, the G1 phase activity can be inhibited as well. First generation CDK inhibitors include flavopiridol, UCN-01 and L86 8276, a non-chlorinated chemical form of flavopiridol. Flavopiridol causes G1 inhibition by its inhibitory action on the CDK 2 and CDK4. UCN-01 and flavopiridol cell cycle repression is followed by apoptosis of the tumor cells and they cave a cytotoxic effect. However, tumor cell selectivity is a major issue in their therapeutic affectivity. Non-tumor cells can also be affected by these anticancer drugs leading to apoptosis and hence, non-tumor cells are also sensitive for the CDK inhibiting action (Shapiro & Harper 1999). The limited inhibition activity caused by first-generation lead to the formulation of purvalanol B a second generation CDK inhibitor. This drug targets the ATP-binding sites and has shown higher selectivity for the CDKs. The activity of CDK4 and CDK 2 is inhibited 100-folds more selectively causing inactivation of Rb gene and ultimately cell arrest at the G1 phase (Shapiro & Harper 1999). Corticosteroids and natural products like asparagine are also specific for cell arrest at G1 phase of the tumor cells. Corticosteroids are effective in lymphoid derived tumors while asparagines are effective in depriving the tumor cells

Deming's 14 points of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Deming's 14 points of Management - Essay Example All these changes point to standardisation across the board for athletics coaches and athletes, and it is this standardisation which leads to the processes associated with quality. Total Quality Management is management philosophy that has been adopted and applied to various sectors of industry. Its popularity stemmed from the highly efficient and highly productive systems that most Japanese organisations used, for example, the Toyota and Nissan car plants in the United Kingdom. Total Quality Management was first introduced by Feigenbaum in 1957, but this notion has recently been developed further by incorporating ideas from other quality experts, for example, W.E. Deming (Slack 1998). Deming was considered to be the father of quality control in Japan as he stressed the importance of implementing quality from top management levels and ensuring it was a strategic activity. Deming's basic philosophy was that the quality and productivity would increase as the unpredictability of the process decreased. This was to be achieved through the use of statistical control methods, participation, education, openness and purposeful improvements (Slack 1998). Total Quality Management is basically a way of thinking and working in an organisation and is not a prescriptive philosophy, as it provides guidance on how to approach quality in an organisation. In fact Total Quality Management stresses the need to meet the needs and expectations of the customers, which is important as organisations exist to serve customers. For instance, in the sports establishment, athletes will often select facilities and coaches they think will provide a quality service in terms of advice, guidance and helping them reach their full potential. TQM must also cover all parts of the organisation and include every person working in that organisation as well. TQM is a holistic system, and is not dependent on just one or a few individuals, but on all individuals. Successful athletics coaches often have a highly developed and highly efficient management system behind them that monitors and assesses their performance. This assessment constantly assesses quality by setti ng benchmarks which the coaches have to meet or exceed. A TQM system also examines all costs related to quality, but more importantly it looks at the cost of failure. By looking at failure, an organisation is able to analyse the situation and identify the problem. It is quite easy to overlook quality if no records of failures are present, as an organisation always tends to get complacent. Emphasis is placed on getting things right the first time, but building in quality as opposed to inspecting it. This is important as there are situations where organisations cannot afford to get things wrong due to the cost involved, for example, space travel. This is also an important point to consider in athletics as athletes often have optimum ages were peak performance can be expected. The failure of recognising this and capitalising on it can result in a lost opportunity for both the athlete and the coach. The success of the TQM system is highly dependent on the development of systems and proc edures that support quality and improvement as this philosophy is about developing a continuous process of improvement

Something related to the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Something related to the instruction - Essay Example According to the information that the management provided, the Indiana State Museum advocates environmental awareness activities with fun educational programs and initiatives. In this case, many such events are organized throughout the year in order to concentrate efforts ion environmental management. On the wall of the museum, there is impressively displayed photo gallery that tells various stories about environmental conservation. Very many paintings are displayed that exhibit various scenery and geographical scenes that are well managed. Accordingly, the entire Museum can be described as a complete story that challenges people to take an active responsibility in the conservation of our environment. One can confidently describe the Indiana State Museum as a centre of excellence as far as environmental conservation is concerned. The museum instructor describes the founder of the facility as an esteemed environmentalist and that the museum was founded to specifically facilitate the conservation efforts. The information and material presented during the visit to Indiana State Museum is very much related to the current course topic. In this case, the information describes environmental conservation efforts. In my current topic, environmental conservation is a key

The Classic Novel Of The Great Gatsby English Literature Essay

The Classic Novel Of The Great Gatsby English Literature Essay Francis Scott Fitzgeralds classic novel, The Great Gatsby takes place during the Roaring Twenties. This was a time when nearly anyone with a gambling soul and an intuition for the illegal or immoral could fall right into fortune. This is a tale of two men one who gave all for nothing, and one who gave nothing for everything. Although Jay Gatsby and Tom Buchanan are stark in contrast, their stories both revolve around deceit, money, and the love of one woman. The voice of the story is Nick Caraway, who is Gatsbys neighbor and the cousin of Tom Buchanans wife, Daisy. Gatsby is a new millionaire who hosts elaborate parties every weekend at his gorgeous mansion, giving rise to gossip about his enormous wealth. Gatsby and Daisy dated once prior to her marriage with Tom. The latter is a successful businessman who comes from a bloodline of money and greed. As the story unfolds, we learn that Gatsbys every action is triggered by love, while Toms only by selfishness. The story takes place in Long Island, where both of the men live. It begins by immediately contrasting the men based upon their respective geographical locations. Gatsby is a resident of the less fashionable West Egg, while Tom lives in East Egg, where residents are believed to be more prestigious and have a history of wealth and status. The areas of East Egg and West Egg in Long Island are not only separated geographically by a courtesy bay, but also in spirit. They divide society into two classes of rich people. The East Egg represents the already established aristocratic society, while the West Egg consists of those, who due to favorable circumstances have gained their wealth and settled down in this area. The West Egg stands for the new money and its inhabitants desperately try to be accepted by the old money that are reluctant to see them as equals. Those who come from East Egg demonstrate their separateness during one of Gatsbys lavish parties developing an attitude of superiority. They represent the staid nobility of the countryside East Egg condescending to West Egg, and carefully on guard against its spectroscopic gayety (Fitzgerald, 49). Nevertheless, they visit these parties to mock the festivities and to confirm that they do not want to associate with the self-made riches who, like Gatsby, sprang out of nowhere. The residents of the West Egg, despite all their efforts to lead extravagant and luxurious lifestyle, are no match to the East Egg. The latter adhere to classic understanding of the aristocracy, which can be transmitted only by heredity and upbringing. Both, Tom and Gatsby live a secret life of deceit. Gatsby found a shortcut to success and took it when he met a wealthy bootlegger named, Meyer Wolfsheim. Gatsby assured himself that wealth was the key to winning back Daisy, and he was willing to do anything necessary to win her back even if it had to be unethical. There appears to be no legislature strong enough to keep him from capturing his American Dream. Gatsby tells everybody that he was in drug store and oil business, omitting the fact of illegal bootlegging, which became the main source of accumulating vast income. Gatsby keeps his criminal activities in secret, savoring the role of a generous and gracious host. Gatsby also claims to have graduated from Oxford University and ceaselessly uses the phrase old sport throughout the novel. The story he concocts about himself is too trivial and people find it hard to believe, spreading all sort of gossip around Gatsbys mysterious persona. The truth about his life would most likely undermine his prestige and anger the rich. Tom is also living a secret life in New York with his mistress, Myrtle Wilson. Although he considers himself to be of aristocratic breed, his brutal behavior signifies quite the opposite. Tom forbids Myrtle to mention his wifes name and, when she disobeys, Tom reveals his gentleman nature. Making a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand (Fitzgerald, 41). Moreover, Tom does not try to conceal his infidelity and introduces Myrtle to Nick, who becomes an outside observer of their strained relationship. Toms wife Daisy also knows about the amourette, but plays a role of a happy wife in the public. Tom and Gatsby each strive to project a strong image in order to maintain their social status and professionalism. Tom drops his guard in New York when he is around Myrtle and finally seems complacent. Gatsby loses his composure and acts like a nervous child when he makes contact with Daisy again. The men appear strong and defiant among their peers, but show a weaker side when around their lovers. Both men act similarly when talking over the phone. Tom sneaks away from everyone to hold phone conversations with his mistress and never reveals who he is talking to. Like Tom, Gatsby also holds short, discreet phone conversations while coordinating his underground bootlegging operation. In reality, Toms secret life is aimed at pleasing himself while Gatsbys is about pleasing Daisy. Each man flaunts his wealth in different ways. Tom flaunts his directly by boasting about his accomplishments. Tom does not like going out as well as gather large groups of people in his house. When guest do come to his house, he prefers to be in control and does not miss any opportunity to boast about his superiority and wealth. For Tom money is the center of his life, it gives his comfort, confidence and power, and there is no need in proving his social status. When things get out of control Tom hides behind his money together with his wife. They were careless people, Tom and Daisy they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever kept them together and let other people clean up the mess they had made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Fitzgerald, 191).   Gatsby flaunts his wealth indirectly by hosting elaborate parties in his mansion. He does not verbally brag about his fortune, but it is visible to anyone who attends his parties. Gatsby sees money as the key into the world of the affluent, the means of existence, but not as the essence of life. The story reveals that Gatsby only hosts parties with the intention of meeting Daisy again. He hopes that Daisy will hear about his success from someone who attends one of the parties and would want to make contact with him. As the story progresses, it becomes evident that Gatsby has strategically picked the location of his mansion so that he may be close to the Buchanans residence, more precisely Toms wife, Daisy. Gatsby can see the green light at the end of Daisys dock from his home. As long as the light is burning and Daisy lives there, hope is still alive that he can win her heart. The green light represents Daisy, who is in the East for the time being. But with hard work and determination, he feels that he can capture the light and bring it to the West. The most common denominator between the two men is Daisy. As the story continues we learn that Daisy has been the chief motivator for Gatsbys mysteriously accumulated income. Gatsby and Daisy dated before he went off to war and when he returned, he discovered that she had married Tom. Gatsby feels that he lost her because he was unable to provide the lavish lifestyle that she desires rich girls dont marry poor boys. He becomes determined to transform himself into a wealthy man so that she will marry him. Although Tom is married to Daisy, he seems to take her for granted. Tom is used to control everything in his life, his wife is no exception. When he finally discovers the secret affair between Daisy and Gatsby, he feels that he loses control over his wife. However, he soon regains it by telling Daisy about the illegal business Gatsby is involved in. He victoriously concludes: He [Gatsby] wont annoy you. I think he realizes that his presumptuous little flirtation is over (Fitzgerald, 144). Daisy is too preoccupied with her well-being to risk it for the sake of love she does not feel. With Tom she is sure that years later his money will be there, while with Gatsby she does not have any guarantees. Although Gatsby may have obtained his wealth illegally, he was a good-hearted person. He befriended Nick and was more than willing to lend a hand to someone in need. It becomes apparent that Gatsby had a hard life prior to his success, and the reader can relate to Gatsby on a personal level because his actions were motivated by his love for a woman. Any person that is familiar with that overwhelming feeling of love or lust may find themselves supportive and approving of Gatsby. Tom is described as a godly man with arrogant eyes, which can be attributed to his attitude in general. He is not only a very arrogant individual, but very confrontational. Tom is bound and determined to present Gatsby in unfavorable light. With that intention he finds out where hes from, where he went to school, and what he really does for a living. When he confronts Gatsby in the hotel room at the height of the story, Gatsby backs down but Tom continues to press forth by attacking what little dignity that Gatsby has left. His ego is in the way so much that he fails to see how hypocritical he really is. Gatsby is not perfect and neither is Tom. Buchanan may have been more law abiding than Gatsby, but his personal characteristics were more deceitful. The one thing that Gatsby wanted Daisy Tom took for granted just like everything else in his life because he was privileged and respected. His only motives were greed, and his status in the society. Tom stole Gatsbys love of life without any competition. Its not hard to look like an eagle when youre flying with turkeys. At least Gatsby had the courage to fight for what he wanted regardless of any obstacle in his path. Tom proved to be a coward on the night of Myrtles death. He hid cowardly behind the walls of his East Egg palace. He clearly displays his true colors in his sanctuary of selfishness. Gatsby was willing to take the blame for Myrtles death to keep Daisy out of trouble. He had plenty of time to run away but he chose not to. Instead, he decided to await his destiny and accept it. Gatsby decided to go for a swim on the day of his death as if it was the calm before the storm. A real crook would have run cowardly like Tom, but not Gatsby. It seems that he finally accepted the fact that he had lost and surrendered peacefully, not cowardly. Was it because he really wanted to die for Daisy, or could no longer live a life without her? The truth about Gatsby is discovered after his death. When Gatsbys father arrives to his sons funeral, we learn that Gatsbys birth name is Jay Gatz. His father believes his son to have been an honest hard-worker, who would have helped build up the country. Only Nick knows the truth that Jay Gatz made an illegal fortune under another name but does not have the heart to tell Gatsbys father that his son was a bootlegger. It is obvious that Gatsby knew his father would not approve of the illegal lifestyle. Perhaps he changed his name to keep his family from earning a bad reputation, or to better hide his true identity. Gatsby is killed after having sold his soul in a failed attempt to obtain happiness. He gave everything just to have one more chance with Daisy but it was all for naught and cost him his life. Tom quietly escapes from East Egg with his health, fortune, and marriage still intact; he sacrificed nothing just as he always had before. I guess the old saying is true: nice guys really do finish last.

Hamlet: A Tragic Hero Essay -- Hamlet, Shakespeare

â€Å"A tragic flaw is an error or defect in the tragic hero that leads to his downfall.† (http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/literature/bedlit/glossary_t.htm) In the history of literature, if the question of who was the most indecisive character was brought up, Hamlet would be a prime candidate. Hamlet had numerous chances to reap revenge for his father’s death but was only able to follow through after the accidental murder of his mother. Hamlet’s inability to make a decision ultimately leads to his demise, and for that is his tragic flaw. What makes a tragic hero? Dr. Peter Smith, Associate Professor of English at Kentucky State University, broke the archetypical characteristics of a tragic hero down into six groups. Of the six, four will be discussed, the first being â€Å"noble stature.† (http://www.kysu.edu/artsscience/ENG411/tragic%20hero.htm) Smith said that the fall of one with noble stature will not only affect their life but also the lives of the people who look to them for support. Hamlet is the prince of Denmark; the people of Denmark rely on a strong royal family to rule and support the country. Next, Smith discussed the â€Å"tragic flaw† (http://www.kysu.edu/artsscience/ENG411/tragic%20hero.htm) which leads to the decline of the hero. Hamlet’s inability to make a decision lead to his death, which will be discussed in more detail further on. Thirdly, Smith says that one must have â€Å"free choice. The tragic hero falls because he chooses one course of action over another.† (htt p://www.kysu.edu/artsscience/ENG411/tragic%20hero.htm) Hamlet is not forced to kill but makes the decision on his own. Finally, Smith says, â€Å"the punishment must exceed the crime.† (http://www.kysu.edu/artsscience/ENG411/tragic%20hero.htm) The audience cannot f... ... the one behind the curtain and kills Polonius by mistake without a second thought. Hamlet is a tragic hero because he follows the guidelines set by Dr. Smith; he has noble stature, he has a tragic flaw, he has free choice, and finally, he has unjust punishment. (http://www.kysu.edu/artsscience/ENG411/tragic%20hero.htm) His downfall was his inability to make a decision. He vowed revenge for his father’s death only to stall time and time again until he finally goes through with it only to die himself. Work Cited Clark, William George, and Wright, William Aldis. The Unabridged William Shakespeare. Philadelphia: Courage Books, 1997. â€Å"Glossary of Literary Terms.† The Meyer Literature Site. February 7, 2002. Smith, Peter. â€Å"The Characteristics of an "Archetypal" Tragic Hero†. Characteristics of a Tragic Hero. 2002. Kentucky University. February 7, 2002.